{"id":3054,"date":"2026-06-18T13:31:29","date_gmt":"2026-06-18T13:31:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lingedu.ch\/?p=3054"},"modified":"2026-06-18T13:37:44","modified_gmt":"2026-06-18T13:37:44","slug":"les-raisonnements-fallacieux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lingedu.ch\/index.php\/2026\/06\/18\/les-raisonnements-fallacieux\/","title":{"rendered":"coming soon: Les raisonnements fallacieuxphilosophie, raisonnement, logique, manipulation, publicit\u00e9, discours"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Ce module de deux le\u00e7ons introduit les \u00e9l\u00e8ves aux arguments fallacieux en introduisant des erreurs logiques et des strat\u00e9gies de manipulation. La premi\u00e8re le\u00e7on se concentre sur la structure des raisonnements \u00ab Si P \u2192 Q \u00bb et sur deux erreurs fr\u00e9quentes : l\u2019affirmation du cons\u00e9quent et la n\u00e9gation de l\u2019ant\u00e9c\u00e9dent. \u00c0 travers des exemples concrets et des activit\u00e9s en bin\u00f4mes, les \u00e9l\u00e8ves apprennent \u00e0 analyser et construire des raisonnements, tout en identifiant leurs limites. La seconde le\u00e7on aborde des formes de raisonnement fallacieux, notamment l\u2019ad populum et l\u2019ad hominem, souvent pr\u00e9sentes dans la publicit\u00e9, les m\u00e9dias et les discours publics. Les \u00e9l\u00e8ves analysent des exemples r\u00e9els puis cr\u00e9ent leurs propres arguments fallacieux afin de mieux comprendre leur fonctionnement. L\u2019ensemble du module vise \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper l\u2019esprit critique en montrant que certains arguments peuvent sembler convaincants sans \u00eatre logiquement valides, et en donnant aux \u00e9l\u00e8ves des outils pour les reconna\u00eetre dans la vie quotidienne.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Comp\u00e9tences : <\/strong>comp\u00e9tences linguistiques, comp\u00e9tences en communication, aptitude au d\u00e9bat et \u00e0 l’argumentation, esprit critique<\/p>

Niveau : <\/strong>3\u20134<\/p>

Dur\u00e9e\/Le\u00e7ons n\u00e9cessaires <\/b>:<\/strong> 2<\/p>

Pr\u00e9paration pr\u00e9alable :\u00a0<\/strong>les \u00e9l\u00e8ves doivent \u00eatre familiaris\u00e9s avec la th\u00e9matique des raisonnements logiques<\/p>

Connexions interdisciplinaires :<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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T\u00e9l\u00e9chargements<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tInstructions enseignants<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPlan de le\u00e7on<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tT\u00e9l\u00e9charger tout<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Bibliographie s\u00e9lective<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Baillargeon, N. (2006).<\/strong>\u00a0Petit cours d\u2019autod\u00e9fense intellectuelle<\/em>\u00a0(\u00c9d. revue et corr., 8e r\u00e9impr.). Lux.<\/p>

L\u2019auteur pr\u00e9sente diff\u00e9rents sophismes et biais cognitifs qui influencent notre raisonnement. Il montre comment d\u00e9velopper un esprit critique pour rep\u00e9rer les arguments trompeurs.<\/em><\/p>

Blanch\u00e9, R. (1973).<\/strong>\u00a0Chapitre XV \u2013 Les raisonnements fallacieux. Dans\u00a0Le raisonnement<\/em>\u00a0(pp. 242\u2013251). Presses Universitaires de France.\u00a0https:\/\/shs.cairn.info\/le-raisonnement–9782705911782-page-242?lang=fr<\/a><\/p>

Les raisonnements fallacieux imitent la forme de raisonnements valides sans en respecter la logique. L\u2019auteur met en \u00e9vidence les erreurs structurelles qui les rendent incorrects.<\/em><\/p>

Tedesco, J. C., & Dunn, S. W. (2019).<\/strong>\u00a0Political advertising in the 2016 U.S. presidential election: Ad hominem ad nauseam.\u00a0American Behavioral Scientist, 63<\/em>(7), 935\u2013947.<\/p>

Les auteurs montrent que les discours politiques reposent souvent sur des attaques ad hominem plut\u00f4t que sur des arguments de fond. Cela illustre l\u2019usage des raisonnements fallacieux pour influencer l\u2019opinion.<\/em><\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ce module de deux le\u00e7ons introduit les \u00e9l\u00e8ves aux arguments fallacieux en introduisant des erreurs logiques et des strat\u00e9gies de manipulation. La premi\u00e8re le\u00e7on se concentre sur la structure des raisonnements \u00ab Si P \u2192 Q \u00bb et sur deux erreurs fr\u00e9quentes : l\u2019affirmation du cons\u00e9quent et la n\u00e9gation de l\u2019ant\u00e9c\u00e9dent. \u00c0 travers des exemples […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":30,"featured_media":3056,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[64],"tags":[254,331,551,553,555,557],"class_list":["post-3054","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-alle-lerninhalte-de","tag-philosophie","tag-manipulation","tag-raisonnement","tag-logique","tag-publicite","tag-discours"],"rttpg_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/lingedu.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/fallacies-image-scaled.jpg",2560,1370,false],"landscape":["https:\/\/lingedu.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/fallacies-image-scaled.jpg",2560,1370,false],"portraits":["https:\/\/lingedu.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/fallacies-image-scaled.jpg",2560,1370,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/lingedu.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/fallacies-image-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/lingedu.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/fallacies-image-300x161.jpg",300,161,true],"large":["https:\/\/lingedu.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/fallacies-image-1024x548.jpg",1024,548,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/lingedu.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/fallacies-image-1536x822.jpg",1536,822,true],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/lingedu.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/fallacies-image-2048x1096.jpg",2048,1096,true],"authorship-box-avatar":["https:\/\/lingedu.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/fallacies-image-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"authorship-box-related":["https:\/\/lingedu.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/fallacies-image-70x70.jpg",70,70,true]},"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"Chiara Pessina","author_link":"https:\/\/lingedu.ch\/index.php\/author\/chiarapessina\/"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"Alle<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"Ce module de deux le\u00e7ons introduit les \u00e9l\u00e8ves aux arguments fallacieux en introduisant des erreurs logiques et des strat\u00e9gies de manipulation. La premi\u00e8re le\u00e7on se concentre sur la structure des raisonnements \u00ab Si P \u2192 Q \u00bb et sur deux erreurs fr\u00e9quentes : l\u2019affirmation du cons\u00e9quent et la n\u00e9gation de l\u2019ant\u00e9c\u00e9dent. \u00c0 travers des exemples…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lingedu.ch\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3054","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lingedu.ch\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lingedu.ch\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lingedu.ch\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/30"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lingedu.ch\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3054"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/lingedu.ch\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3054\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3063,"href":"https:\/\/lingedu.ch\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3054\/revisions\/3063"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lingedu.ch\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3056"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lingedu.ch\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3054"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lingedu.ch\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3054"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lingedu.ch\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3054"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}